Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 107 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {d}{c (b c-a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{a c^{3/2}}+\frac {b^{3/2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {b c-a d}}\right )}{a (b c-a d)^{3/2}} \]
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Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 107, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {457, 87, 162, 65, 214} \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {b^{3/2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {b c-a d}}\right )}{a (b c-a d)^{3/2}}-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{a c^{3/2}}-\frac {d}{c \sqrt {c+d x^2} (b c-a d)} \]
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Rule 65
Rule 87
Rule 162
Rule 214
Rule 457
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {1}{2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x (a+b x) (c+d x)^{3/2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right ) \\ & = -\frac {d}{c (b c-a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {b c-a d-b d x}{x (a+b x) \sqrt {c+d x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 c (b c-a d)} \\ & = -\frac {d}{c (b c-a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {c+d x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 a c}-\frac {b^2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{(a+b x) \sqrt {c+d x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 a (b c-a d)} \\ & = -\frac {d}{c (b c-a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-\frac {c}{d}+\frac {x^2}{d}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {c+d x^2}\right )}{a c d}-\frac {b^2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a-\frac {b c}{d}+\frac {b x^2}{d}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {c+d x^2}\right )}{a d (b c-a d)} \\ & = -\frac {d}{c (b c-a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{a c^{3/2}}+\frac {b^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {b c-a d}}\right )}{a (b c-a d)^{3/2}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.24 (sec) , antiderivative size = 106, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.99 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {d}{c (-b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^2}}+\frac {b^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {-b c+a d}}\right )}{a (-b c+a d)^{3/2}}-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{a c^{3/2}} \]
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Time = 2.99 (sec) , antiderivative size = 101, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.94
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {b^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {b \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+c}}{\sqrt {\left (a d -b c \right ) b}}\right )}{\left (a d -b c \right ) a \sqrt {\left (a d -b c \right ) b}}+\frac {d}{\left (a d -b c \right ) c \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+c}}-\frac {\operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d \,x^{2}+c}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{a \,c^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(101\) |
default | \(\frac {\frac {1}{c \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+c}}-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}}}{a}-\frac {-\frac {b}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \sqrt {d \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (2 d \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \left (-\frac {4 d \left (a d -b c \right )}{b}+\frac {4 d^{2} a}{b}\right ) \sqrt {d \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}+\frac {b \ln \left (\frac {-\frac {2 \left (a d -b c \right )}{b}+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}+2 \sqrt {-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}\, \sqrt {d \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}+\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}{x -\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}}\right )}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \sqrt {-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}}{2 a}-\frac {-\frac {b}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \sqrt {d \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (2 d \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \left (-\frac {4 d \left (a d -b c \right )}{b}+\frac {4 d^{2} a}{b}\right ) \sqrt {d \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}+\frac {b \ln \left (\frac {-\frac {2 \left (a d -b c \right )}{b}-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}+2 \sqrt {-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}\, \sqrt {d \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )^{2}-\frac {2 d \sqrt {-a b}\, \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}\right )}{b}-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}{x +\frac {\sqrt {-a b}}{b}}\right )}{\left (a d -b c \right ) \sqrt {-\frac {a d -b c}{b}}}}{2 a}\) | \(773\) |
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 192 vs. \(2 (89) = 178\).
Time = 0.45 (sec) , antiderivative size = 959, normalized size of antiderivative = 8.96 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\left [-\frac {4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} a c d + {\left (b c^{2} d x^{2} + b c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {b}{b c - a d}} \log \left (\frac {b^{2} d^{2} x^{4} + 8 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 8 \, a b c d + a^{2} d^{2} + 2 \, {\left (4 \, b^{2} c d - 3 \, a b d^{2}\right )} x^{2} - 4 \, {\left (2 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 3 \, a b c d + a^{2} d^{2} + {\left (b^{2} c d - a b d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {\frac {b}{b c - a d}}}{b^{2} x^{4} + 2 \, a b x^{2} + a^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (b c^{2} - a c d + {\left (b c d - a d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} \log \left (-\frac {d x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {c} + 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a b c^{4} - a^{2} c^{3} d + {\left (a b c^{3} d - a^{2} c^{2} d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}, -\frac {4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} a c d - 4 \, {\left (b c^{2} - a c d + {\left (b c d - a d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-c} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-c}}{\sqrt {d x^{2} + c}}\right ) + {\left (b c^{2} d x^{2} + b c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {b}{b c - a d}} \log \left (\frac {b^{2} d^{2} x^{4} + 8 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 8 \, a b c d + a^{2} d^{2} + 2 \, {\left (4 \, b^{2} c d - 3 \, a b d^{2}\right )} x^{2} - 4 \, {\left (2 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 3 \, a b c d + a^{2} d^{2} + {\left (b^{2} c d - a b d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {\frac {b}{b c - a d}}}{b^{2} x^{4} + 2 \, a b x^{2} + a^{2}}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a b c^{4} - a^{2} c^{3} d + {\left (a b c^{3} d - a^{2} c^{2} d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}, -\frac {2 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} a c d + {\left (b c^{2} d x^{2} + b c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{b c - a d}} \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (b d x^{2} + 2 \, b c - a d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{b c - a d}}}{2 \, {\left (b d x^{2} + b c\right )}}\right ) - {\left (b c^{2} - a c d + {\left (b c d - a d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} \log \left (-\frac {d x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {c} + 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (a b c^{4} - a^{2} c^{3} d + {\left (a b c^{3} d - a^{2} c^{2} d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}, -\frac {2 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} a c d + {\left (b c^{2} d x^{2} + b c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{b c - a d}} \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (b d x^{2} + 2 \, b c - a d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + c} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{b c - a d}}}{2 \, {\left (b d x^{2} + b c\right )}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (b c^{2} - a c d + {\left (b c d - a d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-c} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-c}}{\sqrt {d x^{2} + c}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (a b c^{4} - a^{2} c^{3} d + {\left (a b c^{3} d - a^{2} c^{2} d^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}\right ] \]
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Time = 5.98 (sec) , antiderivative size = 141, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.32 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\begin {cases} \frac {2 \left (\frac {d^{2}}{2 c \sqrt {c + d x^{2}} \left (a d - b c\right )} + \frac {b d \operatorname {atan}{\left (\frac {\sqrt {c + d x^{2}}}{\sqrt {\frac {a d - b c}{b}}} \right )}}{2 a \sqrt {\frac {a d - b c}{b}} \left (a d - b c\right )} + \frac {d \operatorname {atan}{\left (\frac {\sqrt {c + d x^{2}}}{\sqrt {- c}} \right )}}{2 a c \sqrt {- c}}\right )}{d} & \text {for}\: d \neq 0 \\\frac {\operatorname {atan}{\left (\frac {2 \left (\frac {a}{2 b} + x^{2}\right )}{\sqrt {- \frac {a^{2}}{b^{2}}}} \right )}}{b c^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {- \frac {a^{2}}{b^{2}}}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases} \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (b x^{2} + a\right )} {\left (d x^{2} + c\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} x} \,d x } \]
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Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 110, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.03 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {b^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + c} b}{\sqrt {-b^{2} c + a b d}}\right )}{{\left (a b c - a^{2} d\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} c + a b d}} - \frac {d}{{\left (b c^{2} - a c d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + c}} + \frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + c}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-c} c} \]
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Time = 6.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 2296, normalized size of antiderivative = 21.46 \[ \int \frac {1}{x \left (a+b x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
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